Onychomycosis-damage to the nail with pathogenic fungi-dermatophytes.According to various sources, from 10% to 30% of the world's population suffer from nail fungus.It is possible that the reason for this in weak symptoms that do not bother a person at the beginning of infection.However, after the fungus activity begins to cause inconvenience, its treatment becomes problematic.
How to recognize a foot fungus
Primary symptoms are expressed by itching around the nail, the intercaterial zone.In the future, there is an inflammation of the nail roller, ulceration of the skin between the fingers, pain.Failure damage begins with color changes, nail plate: spots (white, yellow), stripes appear.The surface of the nail loses its luster, becomes wave -like.If you do not pay attention to the problem, then the affected nails are thickened and deformed so that they can no longer be hidden by any cosmetic methods.
There are three stages of onychomycosis:
- Normotorophical- minor spots on the surface of the plate, while maintaining the thickness, shape, gloss of the nail.
- Hypertrophic- Deep defeat causes the growth of nail tissue, characterized by a loose structure, wave -like growths and crushed edges of the nail.
- Atrophic- The affected nail is rejected, on the nail bed there are deformed residues of the nail tissue of an atypical color.
The fungus is contrast, with symptoms of onychomycosis, you need to contact a dermatologist (ideally - to a mycologist).After all, close people can be infected primarily, since the most difficult to avoid in the family of close contact (and infection).
Independent treatment with pharmacological antimicosis, especially tabletized ones, is not recommended.The tablets advertised by the manufacturer as a slaughter weapon from the fungus can have a side effect that does not harm the patient.In addition, the pathogens of the disease can be different types of fungi.Only a doctor can choose tablets that are as effective as possible in each specific lesion.And only in a medical institution is it possible to identify the “enemy” using laboratory research (scraping, sowing).
Risk factors for infection with a nail fungus
It is noticed that children practically do not suffer from a fungus of nails, possibly due to the rapid growth of the nail.The age group of risk starts from young people to the very old age.More often the fungus affects people:
- With weakened immunity - chronic diseases, frequent colds, diabetes, HIV.
- Not observing personal hygiene - walking in public places with an increased risk of infection (baths, saunas, pools) without shale, wearing other people's shoes, using other people's households (towels, manicure accessories).
- In contact with patients with mycosis - if the family has a person with a fungus on nails.
Hand damage can occur due to the frequent exposure of aggressive agents (detergents, cleaning agents).Violation of the integrity of the nail plate with chemicals, the formation of microcracks on the nails facilitates the penetration of the fungus into the nail.
The fungus on the legs will be happy to settle in a person practicing the wearing of improper shoes: a cramped, not passing air that promotes sweating legs: a wet warm environment, and even with the formation of microcracks, gratings on the skin of the feet and nails - this is an ideal place for the life and reproduction of the fungus.
Treatment with pharmacy drugs onhomycosis
Treatment of nail fungus exists in the form of taking drugs inside (tablets, capsules) and local exposure (ointments, baths, compresses).For high -quality treatment, a comprehensive method is used: a combination of tablets and treatment with external means of affected areas.Especially careful and comprehensive treatment requires a neglected nail fungus.
Treatment can last up to 1 year and include, among others, a general strengthening therapy: a balanced diet, vitamins, a good rest and a dream to increase the resistance of the body.
Preparations from the fungus for oral administration (orally)
The form of treatment with tablets and suspensions is convenient: you do not need to mess with baths, wear dressings with a compress on your fingers.
Attention: all antimicous tablets kill not only a parasite, but also a useful microflora.Tablets can provoke allergies, cause an exacerbation of a chronic disease.Therefore, it is impossible to use them yourself.
Laser therapy
The procedure is carried out in a hospital with a neglected form of the disease.It is usually combined with surgical removal of the thickened affected part of the nail.Plus this method is the ability to quickly cure onychomycosis.The disadvantage can be called a considerable cost of the procedure.
External use funds to combat fungus
The pharmaceutical industry produces ointments, sprays, tinctures for processing feet and nails.
The composition includes antimicotics of an alllamic group or azol drugs.Some of them have a wide range of action - successfully struggle with different forms of fungi and bacteria.Others can only affect a certain group of microorganisms, but have a strong fungicidal effect (Fungus - mushroom, Caedo - kill), unlike a less radical fungistatic effect - slowing down and reproduction of pathogenic fungi.
Ointments are applied 1 to 3 times a day on affected nail plates and adjacent fabrics.During the evening application (before bedtime), the treated area is wrapped in a film and wear socks to increase the duration of exposure, enhance the effect.
Sprays and liquid drugs are more unpretentious: after applying them, you do not need to lure your legs or sit for 40 minutes.With smeared feet.After drying them (after a few minutes), a person can move without an unpleasant sensation of alkalis fingers.Sometimes in the annotations to liquid drugs, it is recommended to glue the surface of the nail with a waterproof or bandage after treating the feet.
It is unreasonable to treat the fungus yourself: only the doctor will be able to choose a drug that is optimally suitable for a particular patient.Treatment of an advanced form, concomitant infections, a fungus of more than one species (dermatophytes often “help” yeast -shaped and moldy fungi).All these nuances affect the choice of dosage form (tablets, ointments, tinctures), dose, duration of treatment.
Treatment of nail fungus and feet is long (sometimes up to 1 year), especially with extensive lesions and advanced forms of the disease.The mushroom mycelium can penetrate deep into the fabric, making its black deed for years.He was found even in the periosteum, which indicates the seriousness of this disease, the need to carefully comply with the entire complex of prescribed procedures.
Pre -preparation of the feet
Before applying the prenatures - this applies to all antifungal agents of external use - the legs are soared in water with the addition of baking soda and salt, thoroughly washed with soap (preferably tar).Pluted particles of nails are removed using manicure scissors, tweezers, files.After that, the legs are dried with a towel, wiped the affected nails, the intercal zone with hydrogen peroxide.
After the end of the work, the manicure set is treated with alcohol or any designs in order not to become infected from their own tools.
Home recipes for the treatment of mycosis
Official medicine does not deny home methods to combat fungus.But doctors recommend using home methods as auxiliary products or for treatment at the initial stage of infection.However, popular rumor claims that with proper frequency and perseverance, even a neglected form of the disease can be cured at home.
They treat the fungus of nails with one medicine or alternate different recipes, depending on individual conditions and capabilities.So, for example, at night you can make a compress from an ointment with wrapping a film of the feet, and in the morning, wipe the nails with alcohol tincture before going to work.The weapon to combat the fungus is available in every house, the preparation of households is not difficult:
- With iodine treatment: all nails are lubricated with tincture 2 - 3 times a day.The affected nails are wiped twice in one procedure.By iodine, you can cure the initial form of onychomycosis.
- Garlic recipe: chopped garlic insist on alcohol obtained by tincture at least 2 times a day.For treatment, you can use one garlic, without alcohol.Freshly squeezed garlic juice lubricate the nail plates at night.
- Treatment with propolis: alcohol tincture of propolis treats the legs similarly to a garlic recipe.
- Viney recipe: in 9 % vinegar, moisten a cotton pad, attach to the nail, fixing it with adhesive plasterer.Do at night for 2 to 3 weeks.Every 7 days to take a break for 3 days.
- Tea mushroom: to wind a piece of the mushroom to the nail or fix it with an adhesive plasterer at night.The mushroom can be replaced with a slice of lemon.
- Soda food: after steaming the legs, a mixture of soda and small salt (in equal proportions) is applied to wet legs, rubbed with energetic movements, paying special attention to nails and interdigber zone.Having held the “scrub” for 5 - 8 minutes, washed off with a warm cleaner decoction.Squeezing nails with soda with compressors made of hydrogen peroxide goes well.
- Extreme form of therapy: the whiten "Belicality" is applied to the nails 2 times a day.Chlorine contained in the solution is a universal killer of all microorganisms, and fungi is no exception.
- Complex recipe: the washed egg is immersed in 9 % vinegar until the shell is completely dissolved.After that, add 20 g of oil, mix thoroughly (the egg can be thrown away).The resulting liniment is stored in the refrigerator, lubricating the feet 1-2 times per day for 3 weeks.
Whatever treatment is chosen, you should not throw the procedures after the first disappearance of the symptoms.The relapse form of onychomycosis occurs in 10% - 20% of people.It is better to wait for a complete renewal of the nail, if necessary, moving from aggressive recipes to more gentle ones.
If there is no time to independently engage in treatment, you should pay attention to the fastest way to treat a laser.
To exclude relapses and re -infection with a fungus of the foot and nails, shoes are treated with antimicose sprays or subjected to home disinfection: wiped with a solution of vinegar, soda, washed with tar soap.The socks of the patient with onychomycosis are permissible not only to wash with the addition of chlorine -containing agents, but also to iron with a hot iron.
To prevent onichomycosis infection, after each visit to unsafe places (beaches, pools, public baths), use folk (vinegar wiping) or medical (ointments) means for prevention.